Beyond Automation: Kerangka Konseptual Kolaborasi Manusia dan Generative AI dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Operasional UMKM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67032/pje.v5i2.200Kata Kunci:
Generative AI, kolaborasi manusia–AI, manajemen operasional, UMKM, pengambilan keputusan, kontrol keputusanAbstrak
Perkembangan Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI) membuka peluang bagi usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemrosesan informasi, menghasilkan alternatif solusi, serta mendukung pengambilan keputusan operasional. Namun, penggunaan AI tidak secara otomatis menjamin peningkatan kualitas keputusan karena rekomendasi yang dihasilkan tetap harus disesuaikan dengan konteks usaha, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan kondisi operasional yang sebenarnya. Artikel ini bertujuan mengembangkan kerangka konseptual yang menjelaskan bagaimana kolaborasi antara manusia dan Generative AI dapat memengaruhi kualitas pengambilan keputusan operasional pada UMKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual berbasis sintesis literatur dengan mengintegrasikan perspektif rasionalitas terbatas, kolaborasi manusia–AI, pendekatan sosioteknis, serta kepercayaan dan bias terhadap otomatisasi. Kerangka yang dikembangkan mencakup empat elemen utama, yaitu kapabilitas Generative AI, penilaian kontekstual manusia, mekanisme kontrol keputusan, dan kualitas keputusan operasional. Artikel ini juga mengidentifikasi kualitas data, literasi AI, ketidakpastian tugas, dan keterbatasan sumber daya sebagai kondisi kontekstual yang dapat memengaruhi hubungan antarelemen tersebut. Kontribusi konseptual artikel ini terletak pada penempatan mekanisme kontrol keputusan sebagai penghubung antara rekomendasi AI, pertimbangan manusia, dan tindakan operasional. Artikel ini menghasilkan tujuh proposisi teoretis yang dapat menjadi dasar bagi penelitian empiris selanjutnya. Kerangka tersebut diharapkan dapat memperkaya kajian manajemen operasional serta memberikan panduan bagi UMKM dalam memanfaatkan Generative AI secara kritis, kontekstual, dan bertanggung jawab.
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